Qualifikationsziele: Students will learn about theoretical aspects of electron and X-ray imaging, diffraction, scattering and micro-spectroscopy and will get hands-on training in high-end mineral analyses techniques. They will learn about mineralogical aspects related to crystallization and mineral transformations in aqueous solutions with a low-temperature to hydrothermal geochemical focus. Learning outcome: critical assessment of modes and means to analyze complex mineral assemblages that form from solutions. Hands on training may include scanning + transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), nano-diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analyses, (+-small angle mineral scattering, Raman and XRD). The students will learn how to collect and interpret data and how to derive quantitative mechanistic reaction information. Students will prepare short reports from the hands on training about one technique and one application.