Historically, finite groups appeared in mathematics together with an
action on some object, for example, as the groups of symmetries of
polygons or polytopes. We are going to study, in some sense, the easiest
possible actions of finite groups, namely, the linear actions on vector
spaces. Such actions are called representations of finite groups. We will
only consider representations in complex vector spaces.
Preliminary program:
1. Basic definitions and operations: direct sum, tensor product, dual.
2. Examples: some particular groups of small order, abelian groups
(without proof of the completeness of the list so far).
3. Irreducible representations, complete reducibility theorem, proof using
projections.
4. Unitary representations, second proof of complete reducibility theorem.
5. Functions on the group, orthogonality properties of matrix elements of
representation, characters.
6. Applications of character theory.
7. Divisibility properties of dimensions.
8. Representation theory of symmetric groups.
9. Induced representations.
10. A criterium for irreducibility of an induced representation.